Duan, Chang-Lin’s team published research in Organic Letters in 2019 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) is a chelating ligand used to prepare coordination complex catalysts, such as its use in Pd catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of spiro- or benzofused hetereocycles with exocyclic olefins via enantioselective intramolecular dearomative Heck reaction of indoles, benzofurans, pyrroles and furans.Computed Properties of C38H28O4P2

The author of 《Highly Enantioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Cross-Addition of Silylacetylenes to Cyclohexadienone-Tethered Internal Alkynes》 were Duan, Chang-Lin; Tan, Yun-Xuan; Zhang, Jun-Li; Yang, Shiping; Dong, Han-Qing; Tian, Ping; Lin, Guo-Qiang. And the article was published in Organic Letters in 2019. Computed Properties of C38H28O4P2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The first highly enantioselective rhodium-catalyzed cross-addition of silylacetylenes to cyclohexadienone-tethered internal alkynes has been achieved via a tandem process: regioselective alkynylation of the internal alkynes and subsequent intramol. conjugate addition to the cyclohexadienones, affording the cis-hydrobenzofuran frameworks with good yields (up to 88% yield) and excellent enantioselectivities (90%-96% ee). This mild reaction showed perfect atom economy and broad functional group tolerance. Furthermore, a gram-scale experiment and diverse further conversions of the cyclization products were also presented. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Computed Properties of C38H28O4P2)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) is a chelating ligand used to prepare coordination complex catalysts, such as its use in Pd catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of spiro- or benzofused hetereocycles with exocyclic olefins via enantioselective intramolecular dearomative Heck reaction of indoles, benzofurans, pyrroles and furans.Computed Properties of C38H28O4P2

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Kim, Seung Wook’s team published research in Organic Letters in 2017 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesElectric Literature of C38H28O4P2

In 2017,Kim, Seung Wook; Lee, Wonchul; Krische, Michael J. published 《Asymmetric Allylation of Glycidols Mediated by Allyl Acetate via Iridium-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer》.Organic Letters published the findings.Electric Literature of C38H28O4P2 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Glycidols prepared via Sharpless asym. epoxidation participate in asym. redox-neutral carbonyl allylation with good levels of catalyst-directed diastereoselectivity. Equally stereoselective allylations may be performed from the aldehyde oxidation level using 2-propanol as the terminal reductant. An epoxide ring-opening reaction using AlMe3-n-BuLi is used to prepare the propionate-based stereotetrad spanning C17-C23 of dictyostatin, illustrating how this method may be applied to polyketide construction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Electric Literature of C38H28O4P2)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesElectric Literature of C38H28O4P2

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Spindler, Stefanie’s team published research in Organic Letters in 2021 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.COA of Formula: C38H28O4P2

《Modular Fragment Synthesis and Bioinformatic Analysis Propose a Revised Vancoresmycin Stereoconfiguration》 was written by Spindler, Stefanie; Wingen, Lukas M.; Schoenenbroicher, Max; Seul, Maximilian; Adamek, Martina; Essig, Sebastian; Kurz, Michael; Ziemert, Nadine; Menche, Dirk. COA of Formula: C38H28O4P2This research focused onvancoresmycin fragment preparation configuration revision. The article conveys some information:

Elaborate fragments of the proposed stereostructure of the complex polyketide antibiotic vancoresmycin have been synthesized in a stereoselective fashion based on a modular and convergent approach. Significant NMR differences in one of these subunits compared with the natural product question the proposed stereoconfiguration. Consequently, an extensive bioinformatics anal. of the biosynthetic gene cluster was carried out, leading to a revised stereoconfigurational proposal for this highly potent antibiotic. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3COA of Formula: C38H28O4P2)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.COA of Formula: C38H28O4P2

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Abu Seni, Anas’s team published research in Molecular Catalysis in 2020 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesHPLC of Formula: 210169-54-3

《Palladium-catalysed intramolecular asymmetric cyclohydroaryloxycarbonylation of 2-allylphenol derivatives. Synthesis of chiral lactones via cyclocarbonylation》 was published in Molecular Catalysis in 2020. These research results belong to Abu Seni, Anas; Kollar, Laszlo; Pongracz, Peter. HPLC of Formula: 210169-54-3 The article mentions the following:

Homogeneous catalytic hydroaryloxycarbonylation of 2-allylphenol derivatives I (R1 = H, CH3, OCH3, CHO; R2 = H, COCH3) was performed using palladium complexes toward the corresponding lactones II, III, IV. Reactions were conducted under carbon monoxide atm. in the absence of hydrogen gas. Palladium catalyst was generated in situ, using various phosphine ligands e.g., (4S,5S)-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane and precursors as Pd(OAc)2, PdCl2, PdCl2(PhCN)2, etc. in the presence of acid additives as HCl, HCOOH, TsOH, etc. In general, chiral 6- III and achiral 7-membered lactones IV were formed dominantly, only trace amounts of the 5-membered lactone II can be identified. Moderate or good enantioselectivity can be achieved using chiral ligands regarding the 6-membered chromanone derivatives III. The regioselectivity of the reaction is particularly effected by catalyst composition and acid co-catalysts and found to be insensitive for substrate substitution. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3HPLC of Formula: 210169-54-3)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesHPLC of Formula: 210169-54-3

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Mifleur, Alexis’s team published research in Catalysis Letters in 2021 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) is a chelating ligand used to prepare coordination complex catalysts, such as its use in Pd catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of spiro- or benzofused hetereocycles with exocyclic olefins via enantioselective intramolecular dearomative Heck reaction of indoles, benzofurans, pyrroles and furans.Recommanded Product: 210169-54-3

Mifleur, Alexis; Suisse, Isabelle; Mortreux, Andre; Sauthier, Mathieu published their research in Catalysis Letters in 2021. The article was titled 《Enantioselective Nickel Catalyzed Butadiene Hydroalkoxylation with Ethanol: from Experimental Results to Kinetics Parameters》.Recommanded Product: 210169-54-3 The article contains the following contents:

The enantioselective hydroalkoxylation of butadiene with ethanol has been performed in the presence of nickel-based catalysts and chiral diphosphine ligands. Ee’s up to 77% could be obtained from the use of atropoisomeric chiral ligands such as Segphos. The kinetics parameters of the reaction were determined using a qual. kinetic model to better explain the l/b isomerization and racemization processes observed for long reaction times. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Recommanded Product: 210169-54-3)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) is a chelating ligand used to prepare coordination complex catalysts, such as its use in Pd catalysts for the enantioselective synthesis of spiro- or benzofused hetereocycles with exocyclic olefins via enantioselective intramolecular dearomative Heck reaction of indoles, benzofurans, pyrroles and furans.Recommanded Product: 210169-54-3

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Zheng, Long-Sheng’s team published research in Organic Letters in 2020 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Quality Control of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

《Asymmetric Hydrogenation of 2-Aryl-3-phthalimidopyridinium Salts: Synthesis of Piperidine Derivatives with Two Contiguous Stereocenters》 was published in Organic Letters in 2020. These research results belong to Zheng, Long-Sheng; Wang, Fangyuan; Ye, Xiang-Yu; Chen, Gen-Qiang; Zhang, Xumu. Quality Control of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole The article mentions the following:

Asym. hydrogenation of 2-aryl-3-phthalimidopyridinium salts catalyzed by the Ir/SegPhos catalytic system was described, leading to the corresponding chiral piperidine derivatives bearing two contiguous chiral centers, with high levels of enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities. A gram-scale experiment has demonstrated the utility of this approach. The phthaloyl group could be easily removed and then smoothly converted to key intermediate (+)-CP-99994 as one of the neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists.(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Quality Control of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole) was used in this study.

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Quality Control of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Xiao, Xiong’s team published research in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2021 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Application In Synthesis of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

Xiao, Xiong; Yu, Zhi-Xiang published their research in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2021. The article was titled 《Co-Catalyzed Asymmetric Intramolecular [3+2] Cycloaddition of Yne-Alkylidenecyclopropanes and its Reaction Mechanism》.Application In Synthesis of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole The article contains the following contents:

Developing new transition metal-catalyzed asym. cycloadditions for the synthesis of five-membered carbocycles (FMCs) is a research frontier in reaction development due to the ubiquitous presence of chiral FMCs in various functional mols. Reported here is our discovery of a highly enantioselective intramol. [3+2] cycloaddition of yne-alkylidenecyclopropanes (yne-ACPs) to bicyclo[3.3.0]octadiene, e.g., I, and bicyclo[4.3.0]nonadiene mols. using a cheap Co catalyst and com. available chiral ligand (S)-Xyl-BINAP. This reaction avoids the use of precious Pd and Rh catalysts, which are usually the choices for [3+2] reactions with ACPs. The enantiomeric excess in the present reaction can be up to 92%. Cationic cobalt(I) species was suggested by experiments as the catalytic species. DFT calculations showed that this [3+2] reaction starts with oxidative cyclometallation of alkyne and ACP, followed by ring opening of the cyclopropyl (CP) group and reductive elimination to form the cycloadduct. This mechanism is different from previous [3+2] reactions of ACPs, which usually start from CP cleavage, not from oxidative cyclization. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Application In Synthesis of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Application In Synthesis of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Yan, Liang’s team published research in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2016 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesSafety of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

Safety of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxoleIn 2016 ,《Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Allylic Alcohols by Catalytic Asymmetric Substitution of the OH Group with Monosubstituted Hydrazines》 appeared in Chemistry – A European Journal. The author of the article were Yan, Liang; Xu, Jing-Kun; Huang, Chao-Fan; He, Zeng-Yang; Xu, Ya-Nan; Tian, Shi-Kai. The article conveys some information:

A new strategy has been established for the kinetic resolution of racemic allylic alcs. through a palladium/sulfonyl-hydrazide-catalyzed asym. OH-substitution under mild conditions. In the presence of 1 mol % [Pd(allyl)Cl]2, 4 mol % (S)-SegPhos, and 10 mol % 2,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide, a range of racemic allylic alcs. were smoothly resolved with selectivity factors of more than 400 through an asym. allylic alkylation of monosubstituted hydrazines under air at room temperature Importantly, this kinetic resolution process provided various allylic alcs. and allylic hydrazine derivatives with high enantiopurity. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Safety of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole)

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesSafety of (S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Hu, Shu-Bo’s team published research in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2018 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesSynthetic Route of C38H28O4P2

Synthetic Route of C38H28O4P2In 2018 ,《Iridium-catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Polycyclic Pyrrolo/Indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and Phenanthridines》 appeared in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis. The author of the article were Hu, Shu-Bo; Zhai, Xiao-Yong; Shen, Hong-Qiang; Zhou, Yong-Gui. The article conveys some information:

Through in-situ protection of hydrogenation products with acetic anhydride to inhibit rearomatization and poisoning effect, an iridium-catalyzed enantioselective hydrogenation of polycyclic nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics – pyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and phenanthridines was successfully developed, providing a facile access to chiral dihydropyrrolo/indolo[1,2-a]quinoxalines and dihydrophenanthridines with up to 98% ee. The strategy featured broad substrate scope, easy operation and potential medicinal application.(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Synthetic Route of C38H28O4P2) was used in this study.

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric formal olefination or cycloaddition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds with 1,6-diynes or 1,6-enynes, stereoselective preparation of homoallylic alcohols via Ir-catalyzed stereoselective transfer hydrogenative crotylation of an allylic acetate with alcohols or aldehydesSynthetic Route of C38H28O4P2

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis

Wang, Ping’s team published research in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2020 | CAS: 210169-54-3

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Product Details of 210169-54-3

《Mechanistic insights into Cu-catalyzed enantioselective Friedel-Crafts reaction between indoles and 2-aryl-N-sulfonylaziridines》 was written by Wang, Ping; Zhao, Yang; Chapagain, Biplav; Yang, Yonggang; Liu, Wei; Wang, Yong. Product Details of 210169-54-3 And the article was included in Catalysis Science & Technology in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Computational studies were successfully carried out to provide mechanistic insights into LCu-catalyzed (L = (S)-Segphos ligand) Friedel-Crafts (F-C) reaction between indoles and 2-aryl-N-sulfonylaziridines. The proposed enantioselective mechanistic roles for the LCu-catalyzed F-C reaction were carefully considered: C-N bond cleavage through a three-membered ring transition state, C-C bond formation, oxidative addition, and reductive elimination. Through the energy decomposition anal. (EDA) on all possible transition states of the rate-determining step (RDS), the smaller ΔEdef(total) and the larger ΔEint were found in TS3R, resulting in the lowest activation energy (ΔE#). In other words, TS3R was the most kinetically favorable with the lowest activation barrier. Afterwards, the noncovalent interactions (C-H···π and π···π) and the steric effects were identified as playing a pivotal role in a favorable transition state for the C-C bond formation. In addition, the frontier MO (FMO) revealed that the smallest energy gap (5.2836 eV) between the highest occupied orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied orbital (LUMO) was found in TS3R.(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3Product Details of 210169-54-3) was used in this study.

(S)-5,5′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-4,4′-bi-1,3-benzodioxole(cas: 210169-54-3) may be used for: regio- and stereoselective preparation of axially chiral arylnaphthalene derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of diynes with naphthalenepropynoic acid derivatives or diastereo- and enantioselective hydrogenation of α-amino-β-keto ester hydrochlorides catalyzed by an iridium complex.Product Details of 210169-54-3

Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis