Organocatalytic synthesis of α-quaternary amino acid derivatives via aza-Friedel-Crafts alkylation of indoles with simple α-amidoacrylates was written by Righi, Marika;Bartoccini, Francesca;Lucarini, Simone;Piersanti, Giovanni. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2011.Electric Literature of C48H29O4P This article mentions the following:
The first (organo)catalytic method for regio- and chemoselective aza-Friedel-Crafts (FC) alkylation of indoles and pyrroles with com. available Me α-acetamidoacrylates has been discovered. It minimizes/eliminates common competing reactions that occur due to the high and multiatom-nucleophilic character of indole and pyrrole. Diverse quaternary α-amino acids were successfully prepared in good yield and high selectivity using low catalyst loading. The enantioselective variant using BINOL-derived phosphoric acids was also explored with indole providing the desired FC alkylation product with moderate enantioselectivities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (11bS)-4-Hydroxy-2,6-di(phenanthren-9-yl)dinaphtho[2,1-d:1′,2′-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 4-oxide (cas: 1043567-32-3Electric Literature of C48H29O4P).
(11bS)-4-Hydroxy-2,6-di(phenanthren-9-yl)dinaphtho[2,1-d:1′,2′-f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepine 4-oxide (cas: 1043567-32-3) belongs to chiral phosphine ligands. Although many reactions require more nucleophilic trialkylphosphines as catalysts, only a few chiral trialkylphosphines are available. Over the last decade, however, and especially since 2005, considerable progress has been made in asymmetric phosphine catalysis.Electric Literature of C48H29O4P
Referemce:
Phosphine ligand,
Chiral phosphines in nucleophilic organocatalysis